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Places of interest in Madeira

Portugal

PatrickJullien

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25. April 2024

Almost 1,000 kilometres from mainland Portugal , the island of Madeira in the Atlantic Ocean is closer to the coast of Africa than to the coast of Europe. Nevertheless, the Madeira archipelago, which includes the island of Porto Santo, belongs to Portugal, and thus also to the European Union. Due to its southern location, and the very favourable climatic conditions that come with it, Madeira is a year-round destination with an always pleasant climate, coupled with a magnificent nature. Which sights and excursion destinations are particularly worthwhile can be found here.

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The island’s capital, Funchal

Funchal Botanical Garden, Madeira — The botanical garden of Funchal, Image: Cristian Mircea Balate / shutterstock

Funchal is a true jewel box that has a lot to offer architecturally and culturally. Visitors can go swimming directly on the beach boulevard in front of the pedestrian zone, or watch the sea and the cruise ships arriving from one of the many cafés there. It is worth visiting the many churches and cathedrals scattered across the city, such as the Sé Catedral de Nossa Senhora da Assunção.

The late Gothic construction was started around 1500. The high altar of the cathedral is particularly worth seeing. A steep climb leads to Nossa Senhora do Monte, a Catholic pilgrimage church in the Monte district. It was built from 1741 onwards. From here, visitors have a magnificent view down to Funchal. Right next door is the city’s famous botanical garden. Madeira is considered an island of flowers, which is not difficult to see here. On an area of 35,000 square meters, many exotic plant species cavort. The Botanical Garden is divided into themed areas, each dedicated to specific types of flowers, such as orchids. In addition, cactus species can be seen that do not thrive in the cool north. You can then return to the city with the Teleferico, the cable car that connects the lower town and the Monte district. Finally, in Rua Santa Maria, the typical colonial architecture of Funchal can be admired. In the narrow streets, which are lined with colorful houses, you will find excellent fish restaurants, bars and unique shops.

Funchal’s Museums

Certainly Madeira’s most famous son is the football star Cristiano Ronaldo. The CR7 Museum displays exhibits from his ongoing career, from fan mail to trophies and medals won, as well as jerseys and football boots.
In the Madeira Story Center, things get interactive. Visitors can relive the complete history of the island up close. Starting with the volcanic origin of the then still uninhabited island, through the discovery of Madeira by sailors in the 15th century, continuing with the importance of the island as a trading post to the more recent history of the island, a complete picture of the island is given. In addition, the Museu Quinta das Cruzes, a museum villa that gives insights into the upper-middle-class life of well-heeled merchants who founded the island’s former wealth, is recommended.

Porto Moniz

The small town in the northwest of the island was founded around 1533. In earlier times, people there earned their living with whaling. Today, the town is known for its natural pools, which were formed off the coast of the village from volcanic lava and invite you to relax all year round. On an area of 3,800 square metres, the natural pools automatically fill up with fresh seawater again and again. The solidified volcanic mass ensures that the water is always pleasantly warm. Next door, the Aquario da Madeira beckons, which shows the impressive underwater world of the island. Visitors are guided through the aquarium on a predetermined path and learn everything about the sea creatures such as starfish, crabs, crabs and several fish species native to the aquarium along the way. The aquarium is particularly popular with families with children.

The Pico do Arieiro

Pico do Arieiro, Madeira — Pico do Arieiro, Image: Piotr Krzeslak / shutterstock

Madeira not only attracts friends of the sea: the island is also a hiker’s paradise. At 1,818 meters, Pico do Arieiro is the third highest mountain in Madeira and the most visited peak in the area. A well-signposted hiking trail leads from a specially installed hiking car park steeply up to the summit in about 2.5 hours. Once at the top, on a clear day, the neighboring island of Porto Santo, 50 kilometers away, can be seen. Ambitious hikers can reach Pico Ruivo within five hours via a challenging summit path from Pico do Arieiro. Surefootedness is required on the way, as the path leads past steep slopes again and again. On the way, breathtaking views into deep gorges captivate. If you are lucky, you can discover the rare Madeira petrel, which breeds alone here, in the wild.

The sister island of Porto Santo

A trip to the sister island of Porto Santo is definitely worthwhile. From Funchal, the island can be reached by ferry within about two hours. We recommend a stay of at least two days on the island, which has an interesting history to offer in addition to a continuous ten-kilometre-long sandy beach. The navigator Christopher Columbus married the daughter of the then governor of Porto Santo in 1479, and lived with his wife on the island for several years. The history of the couple can be traced in the Casa Museu Cristovão Columbo, the former home of the family. There are original objects from the sailor’s possession on display.

With a rental bike, the island can then be comfortably circumnavigated within a day. The highest elevation on the island at 517 meters, the Pico do Facho, is easy to reach and offers a magnificent panoramic view. There are also traditional windmills to see. The island is also particularly known for its numerous different varieties of passion fruit, which explicitly thrive here and can be bought by direct producers who have set up their stalls on the side of the road.

Facts about Madeira

How big is Madeira?

Madeira has an area of about 741 square kilometers. It is the largest island in the Madeira archipelago, which also includes the islands of Porto Santo and the uninhabited islands of Ilhas Desertas and Ilhas Selvagens.

How long does it take to fly to Madeira?

Madeira, Porto Moniz — Porto Moniz on Madeira, Image: Balate Dorin / shutterstock

The flight time from Germany to Madeira can vary depending on which airport you are departing from and whether you have a direct flight. Typically, larger airports such as Frankfurt, Munich or Berlin offer direct flights to Funchal, the capital of Madeira.

The average flying time for direct flights from Germany to Madeira is about 4 to 4.5 hours. If there are no direct flights, expect longer travel times as stopovers can increase the total duration of the flight. These stops often take place in other European cities such as Lisbon.

What is the climate like in Madeira?

Madeira enjoys a subtropical climate, which is tempered by the warm Gulf Stream and its geographical location in the Atlantic Ocean. Here are some key features of Madeira’s climate:

Mild all year round: Temperatures in Madeira are relatively mild throughout the year, with average temperatures rarely rising below 17°C in winter and rarely above 25°C in summer.
Moderate rainfall: Madeira has a relatively high amount of rainfall, with most of the rain falling in the winter months. Summers are mostly dry, especially on the south coast of the island.
Microclimate: Due to the mountainous topography of the island, there are different microclimates. The north coast tends to be wetter and cooler than the south coast. The higher elevations can be cool and are often shrouded in clouds, feeding the famous laurel forest, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Sea temperatures: Sea temperatures are also pleasant, fluctuating between around 18°C in winter and 24°C in summer, allowing sea activities all year round.

Weather in Madeira
Month	Average maximum temperature (°C)	Average low temperature (°C)	Precipitation (mm)
January	19	13	104
February	19	13	86
March	19	13	60
April	20	13	38
May	21	15	18
June	23	17	10
July	24	18	3
August	25	19	2
September	25	19	37
October	24	18	80
November	22	15	98
December	20	14	94

Patmos – the island of the apocalypse

Greece

PatrickJullien

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25. April 2024

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Patmos is a relatively small island with a maximum length of 25 km and is located in the eastern Aegean Sea. Politically, it belongs to the Dodecanese archipelago, but is the northernmost island of this chain and thus geographically belongs to the southern Sporades.

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General information about Patmos

Patmos has only about 3,050 inhabitants and has no airport. However, since it is considered the “Holy Island” in Greece and is the destination of many Orthodox pilgrims, Patmos benefits from very good ship connections. If you don’t want to travel via Athens, it is best to fly to Kos or Samos and then take one of the regular ferries.

The main town of Chora developed over time around the main attraction of the island, the Monastery of St. John. It is said that the evangelist John wrote down the last book of the New Testament, the “Revelation”, here. Chora impresses with small romantic streets with many arcades and archways, which are usually more characteristic of the Cyclades . The magnificent old mansions in Gothic and neoclassical architecture bear witness to the fact that part of the population had already become wealthy through trade in the Middle Ages.

Patmos is about 34 km² in size and relatively flat. The highest elevation is the 269 m high Prophit Elias Berg and in the early and late season many nature lovers come here for hiking. A wonderful walk is, for example, the 2.4 km long Aporthiano path, which leads from Chora down to the port in Skala. This is where the lively promenade with cafés, taverns and bars runs, where the island’s nightlife takes place, because in the immediate vicinity of the monastery peace and quiet returns earlier in the evening out of respect. However, turning night into day is not common here and party tourists should rather choose other destinations for their vacation. In general, the island can be wonderfully “hiked”, because for centuries a network of paths has connected the individual villages and monasteries with each other.

The most beautiful beaches in Patmos

Beach vacationers enjoy a lot of variety on Patmos, but sandy beaches can only be found on the south and east coasts. For most tourists, the dreamlike, Caribbean-like , natural beach Psili Ammos is the absolute paradise. Since there is no road leading to the sea at this point, it can only be reached after a 30-minute walk or by boat. Lampis Bay on the north coast offers an extraordinary underground that can only be found on this island. Small colourful pebbles, which holidaymakers like to take home as souvenirs, cover the entire shore here. On almost all stretches of the coast, rustic taverns serve delicious Greek specialties, so that no one has to go hungry during a long day of swimming.

The most beautiful sights on Patmos

St. John's Monastery on Patmos — St. John’s Monastery on Patmos, Image: leoks / shutterstock

Patmos is nicknamed the “Holy Island” because the Monastery of St. John is one of the most important religious pilgrimage sites of the Greek Orthodox Church. It was built in the 11th century on the remains of an ancient Aphrodite temple and decisively shapes the image of Chora with its imposing walls and fortress-like character. The monastery and its important library are on the UNESCO World Heritage List due to their uniqueness. It is here that the evangelist John is said to have written the Book of the Apocalypse after receiving the promises of Jesus in a cave. This grotto is located on the path between Skala and Chora and is now a combination of chapel and cave. It is also one of the most important sights on the island and is also part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Another attraction on Patmos is the huge Kallikatsou Rock, which is said to exude a very special energy. Its shape is reminiscent of a statue or even a stone temple. If you want, you can climb to the top and enjoy a fantastic view of the sea from there. The Kallikatsou is located near Grikos, one of the larger island villages, which is at the top of the list of tourists because of its traditional atmosphere with the beautiful platia, the taverns and the beautiful beach.

Chora, Patmos — On the road in the village of Chora, Image: Nejdet Duzen / shutterstock

In addition to the Monastery of St. John, it is also worth visiting the Panagia Monastery on Patmos, which is famous for its “Holy Seats”, the Kathismata. These are small monks’ hermitages in the rock, where many people feel the spirituality for which the island is famous.

In picturesque Chora, two old mansions have been converted into museums and now offer a good insight into life in earlier times in this part of the Aegean. The Nikolaidis House dates back to the 18th century and is an interesting example of the typical interior decoration of the time, while the “Simandiri” showcases household items and tools from the Middle Ages.

Gastronomic specialties

Many taverns on Patmos offer simple, tasty dishes. Since many Greeks spend their holidays on Patmos and the island also receives countless pilgrims, good, homemade food can be enjoyed here. A typical speciality that can be found all over the country, but which is particularly delicious here, are tiropites (cheese pies). Of course, the menus often include fresh grilled fish with salad and various seafood. There is a small winery near Grikos and so a local wine is definitely recommended to go with your meal.

Every Patmos vacationer should try an ouzo with the delicious small appetizers (mezedakia) at least once at sunset and simply enjoy the atmosphere.

How to get to Patmos?

Plane and ferry: As mentioned earlier, Patmos doesn’t have its own airport, so most visitors first fly to a nearby larger airport such as the one on the island of Kos, Samos, or Rhodes. From there, you can take a ferry to Patmos. These ferries run regularly, especially during the peak tourist season.
Direct ferry from Athens: There are also direct ferries and speedboats from Piraeus, the main seaport of Athens, to Patmos. The trip takes between 7 and 10 hours, depending on the type of ship.
Ferry from other islands: Patmos is well connected to other islands in the Dodecanese group as well as parts of the Aegean Sea. Regular ferry services exist from islands such as Leros, Kalymnos and others.
Private boat or yacht: If you have the opportunity, you can also travel to Patmos by private boat or yacht. Many visitors who explore the Aegean Sea in the summer choose this option for a more flexible schedule and the opportunity to explore the surrounding islands.

Armenia – untouched nature in the Caucasus

Armenia

PatrickJullien

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25. April 2024

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Armenia – untouched nature in the Caucasus

Many people don’t even know where Armenia is. But the small country in the Caucasus is full of myths and legends. A real insider tip for nature lovers. Armenia’s history is long and eventful, and the country is also home to an incredible variety of different landscapes and treasures from the past. The state is more unknown than it should be, because the old monasteries, the small villages, the flower meadows, the rocks and caves make this country unique. The Armenian population is incredibly warm and helpful, and the country is also considered one of the safest in the world.

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Interesting facts about Armenia

Armenia is located in a high mountain range and borders Azerbaijan, Turkey, Iran and Georgia. It is the oldest Christian country in the world and is home to almost three million inhabitants. In the capital, English is spoken in addition to Armenian and Russian, outside of Yerevan only the fewest locals understand English. The country is about the size of Brandenburg and is very warm in summer and very cold in winter. The average Armenian earns less than $100 per month, converted to Armenian dram. Outside the cities, it is very difficult to get around by bus, but hitchhiking is a good alternative. A trip to Armenia is particularly worthwhile between April and October, because then the apricots and grapes on the orchards are ripe and the flower meadows are in full bloom.

In the capital, pink dominates

Yerevan with a view of Aragat — Yerevan with a view of the Aragat Mountains, Image: GaroManjikian / shutterstock

There is a lot of volcanic rock in Armenia and it used to be used to build houses. The rock is pink to red in color and bathes the cities in a warm light. Unfortunately, the traditional architecture was lost under Soviet rule, and many buildings were built in the typical Soviet-modern style. After the end of the Soviet Union, most of these buildings were simply not built on and ended up as haunted houses, and in some cases there are even entire ghost towns in Armenia. The half-finished houses make a visit very exciting. Yerevan seems neglected in some places, but the city exudes a charm of its own. Many cafés and restaurants in the public squares invite you to linger. In the city center is the Republic Square, where a show with music, fireworks and fountains takes place every evening at 9 pm. The event has become a ritual for the inhabitants and you quickly come into contact with the friendly people. If you want to learn about Armenian history, you should visit the Genocide Museum .

The past lives in Odzun

The small village of Odzun has been largely spared from the communist era. Odzun is located on a plateau above a gorge and offers excellent views over the surrounding landscape. The basilica dates back to the 7th century and transports the holidaymaker to another time. In general, there are a lot of historic buildings in the city, so you can’t avoid a visit.

Dilijan – A famous spa town

The Medieval Monastery of Noravank, Armenia — The medieval Noravank Monastery, Image: Mike Ilchenko / shutterstock

Dilijan is the most popular resort in Armenia. It is located in the national park of the same name and is surrounded by dense pine forests. The air is very clean and water shoots out of the fountains with healing properties. The monasteries of Haghartsin and Gshavank can be hiked from here and there are many hotels in the city. Many craftsmen have settled here and offer their handmade goods. With Jermuk, the country has another famous spa town. There are 40 mineral water springs and the second largest waterfall in Armenia, which plunges 63 meters into the depths.

Armenian cuisine

Armenian food is very healthy and mostly locally grown. The people in Armenia are very hospitable and like to invite tourists to eat, even though you haven’t exchanged a single word before. The food is fantastic, so you shouldn’t turn down the invitations. For breakfast there is fresh fruit, dried fruit or homemade jams. At lunchtime, for example, there are the national dishes Harisa, Horovats or Tolma. Harisa is a type of muesli and is made with roasted meat. Tolma are grape leaves filled with vegetables and meat, and horovats is the traditional Armenian barbecue. Humus, bulgur and flatbread round off the meal. The cost of living in Armenia is very low, so you can get a full meal for the equivalent of one to two euros.

The highest mountain in Armenia

The Aragat is more than 4,000 meters high and is covered in snow in summer, which is why you should pay attention to the right clothing when exploring. On the mountain itself there are many forts, old monasteries and flower meadows. The shepherds drive their sheep across the pastures and sell their handmade products. Relaxation is definitely on offer with the breathtaking view.

The Armenian Sea

Armenia has no access to the sea, but it has a good substitute. Lake Sevan is located at an altitude of 1,900 meters and is one of the largest high mountain lakes in the world. It is very popular with locals and tourists because it is pleasantly cool in summer. There are now several hotels in the region and diving, boating and windsurfing round off the program. A few meters away from the lake you will find the quiet landscapes and the beautiful monastery complexes.

The monastery grounds

There are a large number of monasteries in the country, because the country has been Christian for a very long time. Some are UNESCO World Heritage Sites and are accessible.

Holidays in Lanzarote: what you need to know before you leave

PatrickJullien

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25. April 2024

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Holidays in Lanzarote: what you need to know before you leave

The Canary Islands are one of the holiday highlights of Germans. Lanzarote may not be the largest, but it is one of the most popular islands in the area. Pleasant climatic conditions and growing tourism mean that every age group feels at home here. Whether it’s a holiday apartment in idyllic solitude or a turbulent hotel – in Lanzarote you will always find the right accommodation and often even reach the island by direct flight. Find out from us what you need to know before departure.

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Departure from Germany – everything about your flight

Since tourism in Lanzarote has increased significantly, you will find direct flight offers to the island at many German airports. Depending on the airline, the flight time takes between four and five hours, especially in the peak travel season, planes take off almost every day. Whether from Frankfurt, Hamburg or Munich – if you start from the most popular airports, you need a little extra time at check-in. During the holiday seasons it is quite crowded and it can happen that you have to queue longer.

The most important time to travel – pleasant temperatures in Lanzarote

One of the advantages of Lanzarote is its mild climate, which does not fall below 16 °C even in winter. In summer it rises, reaching up to 29 °C in the months of July and August. The advantage here is that there is always a gentle breeze, so it doesn’t get too hot. The most important travel months are between April and June and between September and November. Only if you really like it warm, July and August are also suitable for you. However, you have to expect a lot of hustle and bustle here due to the long summer holidays.

Public transport vs. rental car – what is more worthwhile in Lanzarote

The public transport network on the island is solidly developed, but the buses do not always run according to plan. Irritated tourists who have been waiting for departure for an hour or more are not uncommon, especially in rural regions. Especially when it comes to secluded beaches and special sights, a rental car is a good alternative. Rentals are available directly at the airport, but also in the tourist centers on site. It is worth booking online in advance, because the demand is high during the peak travel season.

Medical care – all-round safety on the island

You don’t want to think about illnesses and accidents on holiday, but the danger is always there. Lanzarote has a modern and good health care system, numerous pharmacies are spread across the island. The European Health Insurance Card is your gateway to the health system, allowing you to easily carry out hospital treatments and doctor’s visits. Some travel experts recommend additional travel health insurance to cover repatriation and special treatment.

Conclusion: Lanzarote is not the holiday paradise of the Germans for nothing

A unique flair on the beaches of Lanzarote and the impressive volcanic landscape are two reasons why the island is so popular with tourists. If you are drawn to nature, you will find the opportunity to hike or cycle through the area. If a classic beach holiday is your dream, lie down in the sun on the beach and let yourself drift. The local culture is known for its hospitality, so every tourist quickly feels at home here.

Holidays in Cala Millor

PatrickJullien

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24. April 2024

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64 kilometres from Palma de Mallorca and 16 kilometres from Manacor, the town of Cala Millor is located in the southeast of Mallorca. Translated, the name roughly means “best bay”. With its sheltered coastlines bordering the crystal blue sea, it has an incredible appeal for many holidaymakers. The approximately 5778 inhabitants make Cala Millor a pleasant destination for a relaxed, but also action-packed holiday.

The first hotel, Hotel Eureka, was built in 1934 by Jaume Vicens Andreu. Since then, Cala Millor has gradually developed into a major tourist centre in Mallorca. In 1962, Joan Llinàs designed the waterfront of the same name. In the 1970s, this was extended to the neighbouring town of Cala Bona . In the south, the promenade now extends to Sa Coma.

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Shops, restaurants, mobility

Cala Millor Beach — Ser beach of Cala Millor, Image: lunamarina / shutterstock

On the beach promenade you will find small shops and restaurants, with which a day at the beach can also be organized for the whole family.

Behind it is an approximately one-kilometre-long shopping mile with international brands, jewellers, ice cream parlors and much more. If you don’t want to use public transport with buses, you can just as well call a taxi or rent a car yourself from the numerous car rental companies. A tourist mini-train makes exploring the place a relaxing experience, not only for children. Pharmacies and banks are also available locally. Supermarkets can also be used for small hunger or other errands. In the evening, the bars and cafes on the beach invite you to enjoy a romantic sunset or a social gathering.

Accommodation and activities

Cala Millor offers a variety of accommodation and guesthouses with different types of meals. Especially for children and older people, the region offers a lot of peace and quiet and various activities without having to travel long distances. But there is also a wide range of sports activities for active holidaymakers, such as cycling, hiking, horseback riding, fitness centre and sports fields. The sea also offers opportunities for water sports of all kinds, from diving to sailing to boat trips and surfing, everything can be found here.

Landscape

Although the Punta de n’Amer nature reserve on the east coast is not particularly large, it is worth walking through it. Here they let you discover a wide variety of landscapes. The paths lead through dunes, juniper and pine forests and across fields. Along the way, you will be rewarded for your little effort with beautiful views of the surrounding area. With a bit of luck, one or the other animal can still be observed. Here you can also reach the Castell de sa Punta de n’Amer.

Culture

Auditòrium Sa Màniga Address: Carrer son Galta, 4, 07560 Cala Millor, Balearic Islands, Spain Phone: +34 971 58 73 73

If you want to enjoy a bit of culture after a leisurely walk in the area or a stroll through the town, Cala Millor offers various cultural facilities. On the one hand, the city has its own cultural center, the Auditòrium Sa Màniga. Theatre performances, audiovisual media as well as artistic offers and concerts are offered here throughout the year. Cultural programmes are also offered in some hotels or bars. Here it is worth paying attention to posters or displays in the city. The two tourist information offices in the city also provide information about excursion destinations and events in the village and the surrounding area. Around the city, works of art and sculptures by various artists can be viewed.

Markets and festivals

Once a year at the end of September, the tourist festival takes place in the village. Originally, it was once there to keep tourists in the village longer with concerts, dance and sports events and thus extend the summer season. At the end of the festival, a beach fireworks display takes place.

Another festival, the Nostra Senyora dels Àngels, takes place on 2 August in honour of the patron saint of the town.

Every Monday there is currently a weekly market in Carrer de Na Penyal, which is very popular with tourists.

Interesting facts about Cala Millor

Size: Cala Millor stretches along a sandy beach about 6 kilometers long on the east coast of Mallorca. The town itself occupies a rather compact area, consisting mainly of the coastal strip and the adjacent residential areas.
Number of inhabitants: Cala Millor is a tourist resort, and the number of inhabitants can vary greatly depending on the season. Outside the high season, about 6,000 permanent residents live in Cala Millor, but during the summer months the number can increase significantly due to the large number of holidaymakers.
Language: The official languages are Spanish and Catalan, with the locally spoken Catalan being Mallorquín. English and German are also often spoken in the tourist areas, which makes communication easier for international visitors.
Popular tourist destination: Cala Millor is known for its long, fine sandy beach, which is one of the best in Mallorca. The beach is ideal for families, offers good swimming conditions and has been awarded the Blue Flag for cleanliness and safety.
Punta de n’Amer Nature Reserve: At the eastern end of Cala Millor beach is the Punta de n’Amer Nature Reserve. This protected area offers not only beautiful nature trails and sand dunes, but also historical sights, such as an old 17th-century watchtower that offers panoramic views over the coast.
Sports and leisure activities: In addition to beach activities, Cala Millor also offers numerous opportunities for water sports such as windsurfing, sailing and diving. Cycling is also very popular, and there are many cycle paths that run through the picturesque countryside.
Cultural events: Throughout the year, Cala Millor hosts various festivals and cultural events, ranging from local festivals to international music events.
Culinary offer: The gastronomy in Cala Millor reflects the Mediterranean cuisine with a rich selection of seafood and typical Mallorcan dishes. Numerous restaurants along the promenade offer a wide range of international and local food.

Beijing – between cultural heritage and modernity

Asia
China

PatrickJullien

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24. April 2024

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Beijing – between cultural heritage and modernity

The capital of China can look back on a 3000-year history. Beijing, as Beijing is now increasingly called in Germany, is a metropolis of superlatives. With more than 21 million inhabitants, it is among the top 10 largest cities in the world. Traditional temple complexes, impressive garden architecture and a large number of world cultural sites attract several million visitors every year.

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The most famous sights in Beijing

Viewpoints

During the first visit, it is a good idea to first look at Beijing from above. One of the best observation decks is located in the China World Trade Center Tower III.

At 330 meters, it is the tallest building in the city. The 405-meter-high television tower is also open to tourists. If you want to see the Forbidden City from a different perspective, you should go to the observation hill of Jingshan Park . It can be climbed in just ten minutes and offers a unique view of the many sights.

The new Summer Palace in Beijing

When it used to get too hot in Beijing in the summer, the emperors retreated to the new summer palace . This was built between 1751 and 1764 under Emperor Qianlong and was considered a birthday present for his mother. The associated park is one of the largest in China. More than half of the site is occupied by Lake Kunming , which was once excavated by 100,000 workers. Since 1998, the new Summer Palace has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The Forbidden City

China, snack bar — Snack bar in Beijing, Image: ymgerman / shutterstock

In 1406, the construction of the largest palace complex in the world was initiated by the then Emperor Yongle. It comprises 890 palaces, including the Imperial Palace. Until 1911, the Chinese rulers ruled there. The Forbidden City got its name from the fact that it was not allowed to be entered by ordinary citizens. In 1987 it was named a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

On the 720,000 square meter site, the unique architectural achievement of the ancient Chinese can be admired today.

Tiananmen Square

Not far from the Forbidden City is Tiananmen Square, better known as Tiananmen Square. It was here that the founding of the People’s Republic of China was announced in 1949 by the politician Mao Zedong. He is honored with a portrait above the Gate of Tiananmen.

Tiananmen Square can accommodate more than a million people, which is why it is considered the world’s largest gathering place .

The Great Wall of China

From Beijing, the largest wall in the world can be reached within 1.5 hours by car. The Mutianyu section there is the longest part of the wall that has been completely restored.

As early as the 7th century BC. The Great Wall of China was built – originally to protect the population from attackers. It runs over more than 21,000 kilometers. In 2007, it was named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.

Beijing – The Olympic City

Beijing Skyline — Image: ESB Professional / shutterstock

In 2008, Beijing was the venue for the Summer Olympics. The Olympic City built for this purpose is now considered a famous sightseeing spot.

The national stadium, where the opening and closing ceremonies as well as the athletics competitions took place, shines with its impressive architecture. Due to the many steel girders, the arena, designed by a Swiss architect, is called the “Bird’s Nest”.

The swimming centre opposite is not only visually impressive, but also environmentally advanced. Almost 100 percent of the incident sun’s rays can be used to heat the pools. Today it is used as a public swimming pool.

Oases of peace in the metropolis of Beijing

Jingshan Park

The Beihei Park, Image: SchnepfDesign / shutterstock

Near the Forbidden City is the 23-hectare
Jingshan Park
. In the past, it served the emperors as an amusement park. Nowadays, it attracts tourists especially because of the lookout hill, from where they can enjoy a spectacular view of the city.

Beihai Park

Relaxation can be found above all in Beihai Park. Rowing boats are available for rent at the lake there and the White Pagoda on Jade Island is also worth a visit. In addition, in the park from 1179 you can visit the Bridge of Eternal Peace, the Studio of the Quiet Heart and the Temple of Eternal Rest.

Temple complexes in Beijing

The Temple of Heaven

Another attraction that has been designated a World Heritage Site by UNESCO is the Temple of Heaven. In its “Hall of Harvest Offerings”, the emperors once prayed for a good harvest.

The Echo Wall is also interesting for visitors. Due to its smooth surface and circular shape, sound waves can be transmitted along it. All visitors can communicate with each other – regardless of their position on the wall.

The Lama Temple

Beijing, Forbidden City — The Forbidden City, Image: iznarf / shutterstock

The original prince’s residence was converted into today’s
Lama Temple
in 1744. It became the most visited religious site in Beijing. In the Hall of Infinite Happiness is the real highlight: the largest Buddha statue made from just one sandalwood tree. The unique temple architecture and the many halls with Chinese cultural treasures invite you to linger for hours.

Special features in Beijing

The Hutongs

The hutongs in Beijing show part of the city’s ancient history, but always have to give way due to modernization. In these narrow streets and courtyards, the everyday life of the inhabitants used to take place. They cooked and met with friends. In today’s world, the traditional life of the Chinese can still be observed sporadically.

Visitors and residents alike appreciate the peaceful and familiar atmosphere of the area. Cars are hardly seen here, which is why a walk is particularly recommended.

Beijing Opera

Zhengyangmen, the old city gate of Beijing, Image: Nattee Chalermtiragool / shutterstock

Another special feature is the Beijing Opera House, which was created 200 years ago. Various types of performances such as dance, singing, acrobatics and martial arts have always been accessible to every inhabitant and not reserved only for the emperors. As a result, it became very popular and is now considered the highest Chinese art form. Stories from the Ming and Qing dynasties are often performed. In 2010, it was declared an intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO.

Culinary specialties

Two dishes should not be missing from a visit to the Chinese capital: Peking duck and huoguo. The Peking duck is served classically in three courses. First, the duck skin is eaten with garlic. The main course is the tender meat rolled in pancakes and finally a soup made from the bones and meat scraps is consumed. The huoguo is a dish in which, among other things, fish, vegetables and thin slices of meat are cooked in a hot pot and eaten with a variety of sauces.

Facts about Beijing

Size: Beijing is a sprawling metropolis that covers an area of about 16,410 square kilometers. The city is divided into several districts, ranging from densely populated urban centers to large rural areas.
Population: With a population of over 21 million people, Beijing is one of the most populous cities in the world. The city is a melting pot of different cultures and ethnicities, making it a diverse and dynamic place.
Language: The main language in Beijing is Mandarin, which is also known as Putonghua due to its use as a standard language in the media and education. It is the most widely spoken language in all of China and plays a central role in Chinese society.
Historical significance: Beijing is a city with over 3,000 years of history and has been the capital of various Chinese dynasties since the 13th century. The city is rich in historical sites, including the Forbidden City, which was the political center of China for over 500 years and is now protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Modern architecture and Olympic Games: Beijing is also known for its impressive modern architecture, such as the Bird’s Nest (National Stadium), the Water Cube (National Aquatics Center), and the CCTV Tower. The city hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics, an event that produced numerous modern architectural masterpieces.
Cultural Center: Beijing is the cultural heart of China, with a variety of museums, galleries, theaters, and traditional Chinese temples and gardens. Annual events such as the Spring Festival and the Moon Festival attract visitors from all over the world.
Economic power: As the political, educational and cultural center of China, Beijing is also an important international financial center. It is home to many state-owned companies and, increasingly, international companies.
Culinary diversity: Beijing’s culinary scene is diverse, ranging from traditional Peking duck to international haute cuisine. Street markets and food stalls offer a variety of local delicacies that show the depth of Chinese cuisine.

Cardiff – Capital of South Wales

Europe
Wales

PatrickJullien

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24. April 2024

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Wales is located in the southwest of Great Britain and you might think that time has stood still. It is known for its enchanting natural landscapes, countless hills and valleys, rugged coastlines, a total of three national parks, its historic buildings, its Celtic culture, its special Welsh language and the hospitality of the people. The clocks seem to tick more slowly in Wales, the serenity is also noticeable in big cities. The capital Cardiff is located in the south of Wales, is a beautiful coastal city and is full of surprises.

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Cardiff – Sightseeing

The National Museum Cardiff is home to one of the most important art collections in Europe. Countless impressionists and surrealists as well as Welsh artists of the 20th century are represented with their works of art. There are also natural history, geological and archaeological exhibitions to marvel at in the museum. Another highlight is the Wales Millennium Centre, which opened in 2004 and is the venue of the Welsh National Opera. The opera is composed of the National Orchestra of Wales and the National Dance Company. The Wales Millennium Centre hosts musicals, theatre performances, operas, concerts, ballet performances and various events. This arts centre was built from local Welsh materials, such as wood from sustainable forestry, and slate. The Chapter Arts Centre, which was founded in 1971 through various fundraising campaigns, offers space for countless events and also cinema screenings. Also a must-see is Cardiff Castle, which was founded by the Romans in the 1st century, was expanded into a strong fortress by the Normans in the 11th century, the main tower from this time, “The keep”, is located in the keep of today’s castle.

Cardiff Castle, Image: Billy Stock / shutterstock

In the 18th century, under the third Marquis of Bute and William Burges, the magnificent castle was expanded into a fascinating fairytale castle in the neo-Gothic style. The St. Fagans National History Museum is located on the outskirts of Cardiff. 40 buildings such as farmhouses, small shops, a pub, a mill and a bakery have been rebuilt and show insights into the simple life of times gone by. There is the opportunity to watch various artisans at work. You can also visit St Fagans Castle, a 16th-century manor house, the House of the Future with exhibitions on the language and history of Wales, a charming 12th-century church and the beautiful gardens.

The Taff Trail, is a popular hiking and biking trail of 89 km in length. It stretches from Cardiff Bay, following the River Taff, through the city. Then through the 800 hectare Bute Park to the Brecon Beacons National Park. Cardiff International White Water offers opportunities for adventurous water sports activities.

Another attraction is the famous Principality Stadium. Here in the city centre, international rugby and football matches, various other sporting events and also live music concerts take place regularly. Also in the center is the town hall, which harmoniously combines French and English Renaissance.

The 194 m high bell tower is a striking symbol of this district. The University of Wales is the largest university in Wales. Just outside the city is the Big Pit, the National Coal Museum of Wales and Caerphilly Castle, the largest castle complex in the country. Cardiff Bay, once the world’s largest coal export port, has now been transformed into a modern district. It is located about 1.2 km south of the city center. There are extravagant bars and pubs, cafés, playgrounds and the possibility of various boat tours.

Facts about Cardiff

Size: Cardiff is the eleventh largest city in the United Kingdom and covers an area of about 140 square kilometers. The city has grown from a small settlement to one of the most important urban centres in the UK.
Population: Cardiff has a population of around 366,000 people, with a diverse community that includes many ethnic backgrounds and cultures. This contributes to a lively social and cultural life.
Languages: English is predominantly spoken in Cardiff, but Welsh is also an official language and is spoken by part of the population. The city actively promotes the learning and use of the Welsh language in schools and public institutions.
Cultural diversity: Cardiff is known for its multicultural atmosphere. The city celebrates a variety of festivals and events that reflect different cultures and traditions, including the annual Cardiff Festival and the Sŵn Music Festival.
Historical significance: Cardiff’s history dates back over 2,000 years. Originally a Roman fortress, it developed into one of the largest coal ports in the world in the 19th century. Today, there are many historic sites to explore, including Cardiff Castle, which displays a mix of Roman, Norman and Victorian elements.
Sports-loving city: Cardiff is a centre for sport in Wales. It is home to the Millennium Stadium (now known as the Principality Stadium), which hosts major rugby and football events, including Rugby World Cup and FA Cup matches.
Economic centre: Cardiff is the economic powerhouse of Wales and an important location for business, media and science. The city has a growing economy that relies on sectors such as financial services, technology, and tourism.
University City: Cardiff is also a major university city, with several higher education institutions, including Cardiff University, which is internationally recognized for its research and teaching.

Oases of peace and relaxation

Bute Park, Cardiff — Bute Park, Image: Richard Whitcombe / shutterstock

The city of Cardiff can claim to have more green spaces and parks than any other city in the UK. More than 10 percent of the city’s total area is made up of parks. The main park is the so-called Bute Park. It connects the city center with the northwestern part of the city and is characterized by many green spaces. There are many comfortable benches here.

Roath Park is located in the north of the city. The special thing about this park is the romantic river on which you can go boating. The Local Nature Reserve is 130,000 m² in size and is located near the Rhymney Valley in Penylan. This nature reserve is famous for its beautiful, enchanting orchids. Forest Farm Country Park is located on the Taff River in Whitechurch. Another highlight is St. John’s Churchyard Park. The term “small but nice” applies perfectly to it. It is about 1,500 m² in size and is located between St. John’s Church and the Old Library.

Enchanting national parks

Wales has three national parks, all of which can be reached from Cardiff in a day’s journey. The nearest national park to Cardiff is the Brecon Beacons National Park, which can be reached in about an hour’s drive.

The other two national parks, the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park and the Snowdonia National Park, can both be reached from Cardiff in about 2.5 hours. Snowdonia National Park is the oldest of the three national parks. It fascinates with its beautiful hiking trails, spectacular mountain ranges, fairytale waterfalls and lakes. This national park showcases Wales in its most pristine form. A train leads to the summit of the highest mountain in Wales, Snowdon. Its name is made up of the words snow and don, which means snow and mountain.

Cardiff – climate and best time to visit

The climate in Cardiff is temperate, the summers are very mild with averages around 20 degrees Celsius. You always have to expect rain, the best time to travel is in the months of June, July, August and September. These months are also the warmest and those with the least rainfall.

Argelès-sur-Mer – Dream place at the gateway to the Pyrenees

PatrickJullien

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24. April 2024

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Argelès-sur-Mer – Dream place at the gateway to the Pyrenees

The popular seaside resort of Argelès-sur-Mer – Catalan Argelers de la Marenda – is located in the south of France, near the Spanish border, in the Pyrénées-Orientales department. The Massif des Albères mountain range, the easternmost extension of the Spanish-French border mountain range of the Pyrenees, reaches here as far as the Mediterranean Sea.

In addition to a gigantic sandy beach and a large pine forest, the town scores at the northern end of the Côte Vermeille, which becomes the Costa Brava on Spanish territory, with a fantastically beautiful panorama of the foothills of the Pyrenees. But also the charming old town with its characteristic little alleys, the popular marina, the traditional market and the inviting waterfront, the restaurants and the boutiques invite you to feel at home in Argelès-sur-Mer.

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Argelès-sur-Mer – A seaside resort par excellence

The port of Argelès-sur-Mer, Image: Irina Papoyan / shutterstock

Miles of sandy beach that plunges gently into the bright blue sea, lush vegetation and the gigantic foothills of the Pyrenees, this is Argelès-sur-Mer, a fantastic seaside resort that is hardly like any other.

Located in the Catalan region, Argelès-sur-Mer is the place with the longest coastline in the entire department with 10 kilometres of coastline, including the Argelès Plage district. Of these, a whole 7 kilometers are wide sandy beaches in front of crystal-clear water. In hardly any other place do you have so many opportunities to swim, do water sports or just let your mind wander. Also breathtaking is the 12-hectare pine forest, which has existed since 1854 and has over 8,000 ancient trees. The forest borders directly on the sea and always offers a shady spot in the heat. The 3-kilometre-long beach promenade, which is lined with numerous trees and oleander bushes, also characterises the image of the coast on the territory of the municipality of Argelès-sur-Mer.
At the southern end of the city is the marina – Le Port – where maritime life pulsates. This is followed by the Plage Le Racou, a beautiful sandy beach.

In short, Argelès-sur-Mer is a seaside resort par excellence, where guests and locals alike can find peace and relaxation as well as numerous leisure activities on land and water. By the way, sun, beach and sea here in Argelès-sur-Mer promise an ideal holiday stay not only in summer. If you want to take it a little easier, you will find ideal conditions in spring and autumn.

Argelès-sur-Mer – Must have seen

Argelès-sur-Mer is more than just sun, beach and sea. There are numerous sights in and around the town that should not be missed. For example, you can learn a lot about the city’s history in the Casa de les Albères museum in the middle of town. Notre-Dame-dels Prats is dominated by its extremely high bell tower in Romanesque style. The nearby Chapelle Notre-Dame-de-Vie or the Chapelle Saint-Ferreol-de-la-Pave are also worth a detour.
In the Parc municipal de Valmy, visitors can enjoy a fantastic view of the city, the harbour and the beach, surrounded by an impressive botany.

If you move a few kilometres south of the city, you have to travel back in time: here in the Massif des Albères, in the forest of Valmy, there are twelve dolmens, which are among the must-have-seen things. Two dolmens belong to the municipality of Argelès-sur-Mer.

Nature lovers will love their hearts at the northernmost end of Argelès Plage, where the Tech flows into the sea, in the Mas Larrieu National Nature Reserve. Here you can experience pure nature. Here you can only hear the sound of the sea. A hike through the Massane nature reserve to the south with the medieval Tour de la Massane is also a must on holiday in Argelès-sur-Mer.

Chataeu Valmy, Argelès sur mer — View of Chateau Valmy, Image: NAJITUBE / shutterstock

The Belle Epoque-style Château de Valmy, once the villa of a wealthy cigarette manufacturer and later a winery, now houses a restaurant with a fantastic view.

Not only children will be delighted by the Canyoning Park, an artificial water course, and the Luna Park, a large amusement park north of Argelès Plage.
If you are in the mood for a visit to a large city, you can go to Perpignan, about 23 kilometres away, with its numerous sights. An absolute must, however, is a detour to the historic Elne, just 10 kilometres away, with the former cathedral and other contemporary witnesses of an exciting past.

Argelès-sur-Mer – Festivals and events

As is common throughout France , Argelès-sur-Mer has many festivals and celebrations where the inhabitants know how to celebrate. One of the most interesting events is the three-day music festival “Déferlantes d’Argelès-sur-Mer”, which takes place in July. Well-known artists show off their skills at this indie, rock, pop, electronic and hip-hop festival.

Aplec is Catalan and means “meeting”. Every year, on the first weekend in September, the Aplec Valmy takes place, where Catalan culture is in the foreground. Then you get to see the famous Catalan folk dance, the sardana, among other things. The flamenco festival at Valmy is also a feast for the eyes and ears.
Art lovers will enjoy Valmy’s international art exhibition at Valmy Park at the end of September. At the same time, the two patron saints of the city – St. Cosmas and St. Damian – are commemorated every year. St. Cosmas and St. Damian is a large festive event with traditional art, typical food, entertainment, dance, exhibitions and much more.

Numerous other festivals and events can be accompanied in Argelès-sur-Mer all year round. Catalan folklore, traditional markets, Sardana invite you to marvel and participate.

Facts about Argelès-sur-Mer

Location and size: Argelès-sur-Mer is located on the Côte Vermeille, in the Occitanie region, near the Spanish border. The municipality covers an area of about 58.67 square kilometers. It combines beautiful coastal landscapes with rural areas and is surrounded by the foothills of the Pyrenees.
Population: The town has about 10,000 permanent residents, but this number can increase significantly in the summer months due to the tourists visiting the region.
Language: The primary language in Argelès-sur-Mer is French. Due to its proximity to Catalonia and the history of the region, some residents also speak Catalan, and you will notice many cultural influences from Catalonia in the city.
Popular tourist spot: Argelès-sur-Mer is a popular holiday destination, especially during the summer months. The place offers 7 km of sandy beaches and 2 km of pebble coast, which makes it a perfect place for sun worshippers and water sports enthusiasts.
Historical sites: In addition to its beaches, Argelès-sur-Mer is also rich in history. Notable sights include the Château de Valmy, which offers a glimpse into local heritage and history. The park around the castle is open to the public and offers fantastic views as well as peaceful surroundings.
Nature and outdoor activities: For nature and outdoor enthusiasts, Argelès-sur-Mer offers many possibilities. The coastal town is the starting point for various hiking trails in the Pyrenees. The Albera massif, an important nature reserve, is also within easy reach from here.
Cultural events: The town is known for its lively markets and festivals, including the Les Déferlantes music festival, which attracts music fans from all over France and beyond every year.
Environmental awareness: Committed to sustainable tourism, Argelès-sur-Mer has been awarded the Blue Flag label for its efforts to protect the environment and ensure the cleanliness of its beaches.

Nuremberg – a city under the sign of the castle

PatrickJullien

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24. April 2024

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Nuremberg – a city under the sign of the castle

Mulled wine, grilled sausages or Elisen gingerbread – the city of Nuremberg in the north of Bavaria, more precisely in Middle Franconia, has a lot to offer not only in terms of culinary delights. In 2018, Nuremberg set a new record in the tourism sector with 3.6 million overnight stays. Around 520,000 people live in Bavaria’s second-largest city. With an area of almost 187 km², there is also a lot to discover there. The old town and the Nuremberg Imperial Castle in particular are known far beyond the country’s borders and attract visitors from all over the world every year, regardless of the weather and the season. What sights are there to discover in Nuremberg? And what should you definitely do when visiting Nuremberg?

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The history of Nuremberg

According to historical tradition, the traces of Nuremberg can be traced back to the year 850. It can therefore be assumed that the first settlements already existed in and around Nuremberg during this time. It became more concrete in 1050: Nuremberg was mentioned for the first time on a document (the Sigena document) with “nuorenberc” by Emperor Henry III. During this time, the well-known Imperial Castle and the Burgrave’s Castle in Nuremberg were also built, which were owned by the noble families Salier and Staufer, as well as the Burgraves of Raabs and Zollern.

At the time of the Second World War, however, the castle in Nuremberg was almost completely destroyed. During the National Socialist era, Nuremberg was an important city for the Wehrmacht and its functionaries. During this time, the large Nazi Party Rally Grounds, the Zeppelin Grandstand and the Congress Centre were built in the south of Nuremberg. Many parts of these buildings are still well preserved today and should definitely be visited during a stay in Nuremberg. These and other sights will now be discussed in more detail.

You have to see that in Nuremberg

Nuremberg Castle

At the top of the list is, of course, a visit to the Kaiserburg and the Burgrave’s Castle in Nuremberg’s old town. The paraphrase Nuremberg Castle refers to exactly these two castles. The first traces of the construction of the castles can be traced back to the year 1000. During the Second World War, both castles were almost completely destroyed in heavy air raids by the British and American air forces. However, Nuremberg Castle was completely rebuilt in the post-war years and continues to attract visitors from all over the world.

The Church of Our Lady

Just a five-minute walk from Nuremberg Castle is the Frauenkirche on the main market. This was completed in 1362 at the request of Emperor Charles IV after a ten-year construction period. In addition to the imposing construction, the Frauenkirche has another special feature: Every day at exactly 12 noon, high up under the clock, the Männleinlaufen takes place. At the beginning of this spectacle, two life-size fanfare brass figures raise their instruments at the edge. Afterwards, flute player, drummer and crier figures circle the emperor three times and disappear again inside the Frauenkirche. A beautiful spectacle that you should have seen during your stay in Nuremberg.

The Beautiful Fountain

The next attraction, the Beautiful Fountain, is also located directly on the main market. With its height of 19 meters, it is not only very high for a fountain, but immediately catches the eye of every visitor to the main market. The Beautiful Fountain was built between 1385-1396. The fountain itself consists of a total of 40 detailed and painted figures, which are intended to represent the world view of the Roman Empire with four floors. At the fountain itself there is a brass ring, which, according to legend, is said to bring good luck to anyone who turns the ring once.

The Sebaldus Church

St. Sebaldus Church Nuremberg — The Sebaldus Church, Image: Nico Märzhäuser

Only 100 meters away from the main market is another church, the Sebalduskirche. In addition to the Frauenkirche and the Lorenzkirche, the Selbalduskirche is the third church that characterises the image of Nuremberg’s city centre. Built in the 8th century AD, it is the oldest parish church in all of Nuremberg. Inside the church is the tomb of Sebaldus, who served as the patron saint of Nuremberg. One of the remarkable things about the Sebaldus Church is that the furnishings are particularly well preserved to this day. A visit to this church is highly recommended.

Albrecht Dürer House

Between 1509, the Albrecht Dürer House in Nuremberg served as the home and workplace of the painter Albrecht Dürer, his family and his apprentices. Among his most famous works are the brown hare, the praying hands and the rhinocerus. Today, the house is freely accessible and has served as a museum since 1871 for visitors who want to find out more about the life and work of Albrecht Dürer. Many areas of the Albrecht Dürer House have been faithfully reconstructed.

The Toy Museum

We stay close to the main market. Not far from the market is the Toy Museum. Since 1971, the history of toys has been illuminated there in all its facets. Over 4000 objects can be viewed in the museum. But that’s by no means all: There are almost 80,000 other exhibits in the museum depot, which can be viewed via the Toy Museum’s homepage.

Germanic National Museum

The Germanisches Nationalmuseum is the largest museum in the German-speaking world in the field of cultural history. Around 25000 objects are exhibited in the museum. There are around 1.3 million objects in the depot of the Germanisches Nationalmuseum. The period of the exhibits on display ranges from prehistory and early history to contemporary art and culture.

The Nazi Party Rally Grounds

The last attraction worth visiting in Nuremberg is the Nazi Party Rally Grounds. This was to serve as a public propaganda area for the NSDAP during the Second World War. The area is located in the southeast of Nuremberg and is easily accessible from the city center by public transport. As early as 1923, work began on the first buildings on the Nazi Party Rally Grounds. The first was the municipal stadium, followed by the Luitpoldhalle, Luitpoldarena, Congress Hall, Zeppelin Field and Grandstand as well as the large street. Some of its sights, such as the Congress Hall, the Zeppelin grandstand and also the large street, are still well preserved today and worth a visit.

There is also a lot to discover in Nuremberg in terms of culinary delights

Culinary connoisseurs will also get their money’s worth in Nuremberg. Whether sweet or savoury: Nuremberg’s specialities offer something for every taste. If you want something hearty, you should definitely try the Nuremberg grilled sausages, which are offered there in a bun as “3 im Weggla”. “Saure Zipfel” (bratwurst cooked in onion broth) or the “Fränkische Schäuferle” (pork, served with a dumpling and sauerkraut) are also among the favourite dishes of many Nurembergers. And if you want something sweet, you will get your money’s worth with the original Nuremberg Elisen gingerbread and a warm cup of Nuremberg mulled wine.

Valletta – the capital of Malta

Europe
Malta

PatrickJullien

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24. April 2024

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The city of Valletta in Malta was founded in 1566 as a refuge for the wounded during the Crusades of the 16th century. It is located on the northeast coast of the main island between Grand Harbour and Masamxett Harbour, the two largest natural harbours in the Mediterranean. Valletta is the smallest capital of all EU countries, both in terms of area and population. Due to the buildings that can be found everywhere in the city, which are architecturally at home in the Baroque period, Valletta exudes the unique charm of a huge open-air museum.

The streets were laid out as wide and grid-like as possible in order to have a little cooling during the warm summers due to the sea wind. Despite its small size, Valletta boasts many historical sites that date back to the 16th century and are the reason why the whole city was classified as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1980.

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Facts about Valletta

Compact size: Valletta is known for being one of the smallest capitals in Europe. The city covers an area of only about 0.8 square kilometers. Despite its small size, the city is densely built up and rich in historical sights.
Population: The population of Valletta is relatively small for a capital city; it has about 5,600 inhabitants. This gives the city an almost village-like feel, especially in the less touristy areas.
Official languages: Two official languages are spoken in Valletta: Maltese and English. Maltese is a unique language that has Semitic roots and is heavily influenced by the Italian language, especially Sicilian and Italian. English is also widely spoken, which makes communication easier for international visitors.
UNESCO World Heritage Site: Valletta is a UNESCO World Heritage Site, a recognition it received in 1980. The city was founded in the 16th century by the Knights of the Order of St. John and is known for its well-preserved architecture from the Renaissance and Baroque periods.
Rich history: Founded in 1566 after the Great Siege of Malta, Valletta was named after Jean Parisot de la Valette, the Grand Master of the Order of Malta, who led the defence against the Ottomans. The city was designed as a fortified refuge and has witnessed many historical events.
Cultural centre: Valletta was the European Capital of Culture in 2018. The city offers a lively cultural scene with numerous museums, theaters and art galleries. The Manoel Theatre is one of the oldest theatres in Europe that is still in operation.
Architectural heritage: The architecture of Valletta is a mix of medieval, baroque and modern architecture. Striking buildings such as the Grand Master’s Palace and St. John’s Co-Cathedral, known for its magnificent interiors and ornate marble floor slabs, are highlights for visitors.

History

Lower Barrakka, Valletta — Lower Barrakka – Together with the upper Barraka a beautiful garden in Valletta, Image: Littleaom / shutterstovk

After the Knights of the Order of Malta had successfully ended the siege by the Ottomans, they began to build a fortified city on the headland of Monte Sciberra. Their elevated position between the Grand Harbour and Masamxett Harbour ensured the possibility of control over the two harbours. On the
On 28 March 1566, the Grand Master of the Order of Malta, Jean de la Valette, laid the foundation stone.

The Italian architect and builder Francesco Laparelli was hired to design the defensive walls and the roads, assisted by his Maltese assistant Gerolamo Cassar. On 18 March 1571, Valletta became the headquarters of the Order of Malta and was named after Jean de la Valette, who died before its completion. The further expansion of the city was led by his successor Pierre de Monte. The construction projects were made possible mainly by the financial support of Pope Pius V and King Philip II of Spain. It took another 20 years until Valletta was completed.

In the case of urban development, the 17. and 18th century, as military concerns were no longer in the foreground and more and more buildings were built for administration, trade or commerce. As a result, Valletta experienced a heyday and became a magnificent baroque city comparable to Prague or Vienna.

With the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, Valletta gained additional importance as a port city. In both world wars, warships also anchored off Valletta. It was partially devastated by air raids by Germans and Italians and only the defensive walls withstood the hail of bombs.

Attractions in Valletta

Valletta is now one of the main attractions for tourists in Malta. There are countless cafés and wine cellars throughout the city that invite you to stop for a bite to eat. Those interested in culture can enjoy a wide range of events, such as theatre and concerts by leading opera stars. The sometimes hectic
The hustle and bustle of the day slows down in the evening and allows you to take a relaxing walk through the streets of the capital, illuminated with soft light, to enjoy the magical atmosphere of the historic buildings in peace.

St John's Co-Cathedral, Valletta — St John’s Co-Cathedral, Image: Digital signal / shutterstock

St. John’s Co-Cathedral in Valletta is the most magnificent church in Malta and was built between 1573 and 1578. However, the interior design took another hundred years to complete. It served as the headquarters of the Archbishop of Malta, along with the Rotunda in Mosta, which earned it the name Co-Cathedral. Attached to St. John’s Co-Cathedral is a museum where many works of art are available to those interested.
tourists.

The Grand Master’s Palace, also built in the 16th century, does not have to hide behind St. John’s Co-Cathedral in terms of splendour. The palace used to be the residence of the Grand Master of the Order of Malta and is currently the seat of the President of Malta. The interiors of the building are decorated with numerous paintings and
decorated with portraits that commemorate the different inhabitants of the palace. In the armoury there are over 5700 weapon parts on display, which date back to the age of knights.

The National Archaeological Museum is located in a former quarter of the Order of St. John, the Auberge de Provence. Not only is the building itself a sight to see, but it also has many interesting exhibits inside. Among them are the 4000-year-old Magna Mater figures “the Sleeping One” and “the Venus of Malta”. The museum also provides information about the construction of the temples in Malta, which are up to 5000 years old, and is the ideal place to learn more about the archaeological sights of the Republic of Malta .